2016年10月22日 星期六

C 資料型態

1. 上機測試題

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
    printf("Hello World\r");
    printf("Hi,World");
    printf("\b\b\b\b\b everyone\n");  
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

2. 上機測試題

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
    printf("    /\\\n");
    printf("   /  \\\n");
    printf("  /    \\\n");
    printf(" /      \\\n");
    printf("+---------+\n");
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

3. 上機測試題

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
    short int si=-1;
    int  i=2147483646;
    printf("%hd\n",si);
    printf("%hu\n",si);
    printf("%d\n",i+1);
    printf("%d\n",i+2);
    system("pause");
    return 0 ;
}

4. 上機測試題

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
    float fnum=123.456;
    double dnum=123.456;  
    printf("%f\n",fnum);
    printf("%f\n",dnum);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

5. 觀察 跳脫字元)試寫一程式，利用設定字元變數 ch 為 ASCII 碼的方式 讓電腦發出一個警告音（警告音的 ASCII 碼為 7）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main (){
    char deep = 7;
    printf("\x07");
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

6. (溢位 overflow)請參閱下面的程式碼，然後回答接續的問題：

a. 試說明執行此程式的結果，為什麼是 14464，而不是 80000 這個數字？

b. 如果想讓本題執行結果恰好為 80000，應如何修改程式碼？

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(void){
    unsigned int num=80000;
    printf("%d\n",num);
    printf("a.因為溢值所以顯示14464");
    printf("\n");
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}
7. 請參閱下面的程式碼，然後回答接續的問題

a. 試執行此程式碼，您會得到什麼結果？

b. 於數學上，30000.1+0.0004=30000.1004，試說明執行此程式碼後， 為什麼得不到這個結果？

c. 如果想讓本題的執行結果恰好為 30000.1004，應如何改進？試撰寫 一個完整的程式碼來改進之。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main (void){
    float num1=30000.1;
    float num2=0.0004;
    printf("%f\n",num1+num2);
    printf("a.30000.100009");
    printf("b.因為30000.1+0.0004的範圍超出float的值，所以無法正確計算");
    printf("\n");
    system("pause"); 
    return 0;    
}

8.假設浮點數變數 num1 與 num2 的值分別為 123.39f 與 3.8e5f，試撰 寫一程式，將這兩個變數值轉換成整數。

#include 
#include 
int main (){
 float num1=123.39f, num2=3.8e5f;
 printf ("%d \n%d \n", num1, num2); 
 system("pause");
 return 0;
}
9.請參閱下面的程式碼，然後回答接續的問題

a. 試解釋輸出結果為何是 0？ 

b. 試修改程式碼，利用型態轉換的方式，使得輸出結果為 0.625000。 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main (void){
    float num1=5, num2=8;
    printf("%f \n", num1/num2);
    printf("a.因為5/8是小數，而%d是輸出整數，所以最後結果顯示0");
    printf("\n");
    system("pause");
    return 0;
    
}

10.將常數100以十進位、八進位和十六進位輸出




11.若有一short int 的變數si , 其值為32776 , 當以
%hd 印出時結果為何? 試撰寫一程式測試之




#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main (){
    short int si;
    si = 32776;
    printf("si=%hd \n",si);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

12.若有一short int 的變數 si, 其值為-6 , 當以%hu
印出時結果為何? 試撰寫一程式測試之。





13.圓的直徑、圓周長和面積)撰寫一個程讀取圓
的半徑(整數)，然後印出圓的直徑、圓周長和面積。使用 3.14159
代表圓周率。此外請將所有的計算放到 printf 敍述式裡執行，並
使用轉換指定詞 %f。 


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main (){
    int radius;
    float pi=3.14159;
    printf("請輸入圓的半徑:");
    scanf("%d",&radius);
    printf("直徑=%d\n",2*radius);
    printf("周長=%f\n",2*pi*radius);
    printf("面積=%f\n",radius*radius*pi);
    printf("\n");  
    system("pause");
    return 0;
} 



14.字元的整數值)在 C 語言的內部，是使用整數
來表示每個字元的。這一組字元以及電腦用來對應這組字元的整
數，就稱為電腦字元集(character set)。你可以印出代表大寫 A 的
整數。例如，執行以下敍述式 printf(“%d”, ‘A’); 寫一個 C 程式，
印出代表某些大寫字母、小寫字母、數字和特殊符號的整數。你
至少要能印出代表下列字元的整數：A B C a b c 0 1 2 3 * + / 以
及空白字元


#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main() {
    printf("Hello World ");
    printf("哈囉! 您好~"); 
    printf("A's integer equivalent is %d\n",'A');
    printf("B's integer equivalent is %d\n",'B');
    printf("C's integer equivalent is %d\n",'C');
    printf("D's integer equivalent is %d\n",'D');
    printf("E's integer equivalent is %d\n",'E');
    printf("F's integer equivalent is %d\n",'F');
    printf("G's integer equivalent is %d\n",'G');
    printf("H's integer equivalent is %d\n",'H');
    printf("I's integer equivalent is %d\n",'I');
    printf("J's integer equivalent is %d\n",'J');
    printf("K's integer equivalent is %d\n",'K');
    printf("L's integer equivalent is %d\n",'L');
    printf("M's integer equivalent is %d\n",'M');
    printf("N's integer equivalent is %d\n",'N');
    printf("O's integer equivalent is %d\n",'O');
    printf("P's integer equivalent is %d\n",'P');
    printf("Q's integer equivalent is %d\n",'Q');
    printf("R's integer equivalent is %d\n",'R');
    printf("S's integer equivalent is %d\n",'S');
    printf("T's integer equivalent is %d\n",'T');
    printf("U's integer equivalent is %d\n",'U');
    printf("V's integer equivalent is %d\n",'V');
    printf("W's integer equivalent is %d\n",'W');
    printf("X's integer equivalent is %d\n",'X');
    printf("Y's integer equivalent is %d\n",'Y');
    printf("Z's integer equivalent is %d\n",'Z');
    printf("['s integer equivalent is %d\n",'[');
    printf("]'s integer equivalent is %d\n",']');
    printf("^'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'^');
    printf("_'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'_');
    printf("a's integer equivalent is %d\n",'a');
    printf("b's integer equivalent is %d\n",'b');
    printf("c's integer equivalent is %d\n",'c');
    printf("d's integer equivalent is %d\n",'d');
    printf("e's integer equivalent is %d\n",'e');
    printf("f's integer equivalent is %d\n",'f');
    printf("g's integer equivalent is %d\n",'g');
    printf("h's integer equivalent is %d\n",'h');
    printf("i's integer equivalent is %d\n",'i');
    printf("j's integer equivalent is %d\n",'j');
    printf("k's integer equivalent is %d\n",'k');
    printf("l's integer equivalent is %d\n",'l');
    printf("m's integer equivalent is %d\n",'m');
    printf("n's integer equivalent is %d\n",'n');
    printf("o's integer equivalent is %d\n",'o');
    printf("p's integer equivalent is %d\n",'p');
    printf("q's integer equivalent is %d\n",'q');
    printf("r's integer equivalent is %d\n",'r');
    printf("s's integer equivalent is %d\n",'s');
    printf("t's integer equivalent is %d\n",'t');
    printf("u's integer equivalent is %d\n",'u');
    printf("v's integer equivalent is %d\n",'v');
    printf("w's integer equivalent is %d\n",'w');
    printf("x's integer equivalent is %d\n",'x');
    printf("y's integer equivalent is %d\n",'y');
    printf("z's integer equivalent is %d\n",'z');
    printf("{'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'{');
    printf("|'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'|');
    printf("}'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'}');
    printf("~'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'~');
    printf("!'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'!');
    printf("#'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'#');
    printf("$'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'$');
    printf("%'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'%');
    printf("&'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'&');
    printf("('s integer equivalent is %d\n",'(');
    printf(")'s integer equivalent is %d\n",')');
    printf("*'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'*');
    printf("+'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'+');
    printf(",'s integer equivalent is %d\n",',');
    printf("-'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'-');
    printf(".'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'.');
    printf("/'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'/');
    printf("0's integer equivalent is %d\n",'0');
    printf("1's integer equivalent is %d\n",'1');
    printf("2's integer equivalent is %d\n",'2');
    printf("3's integer equivalent is %d\n",'3');
    printf("4's integer equivalent is %d\n",'4');
    printf("5's integer equivalent is %d\n",'5');
    printf("6's integer equivalent is %d\n",'6');
    printf("7's integer equivalent is %d\n",'7');
    printf("8's integer equivalent is %d\n",'8');
    printf("9's integer equivalent is %d\n",'9');
    printf(":'s integer equivalent is %d\n",':');
    printf(";'s integer equivalent is %d\n",';');
    printf("<'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'<');
    printf(">'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'>');
    printf("?'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'?');
    printf("@'s integer equivalent is %d\n",'@');
    printf("The blank character's intege\nr equivalent is %d",' ');
    system("pause");                    \n
    return 0;
}



15. 分開整數的每個數字)撰寫一個程式，輸入一個五
位數的數字，將這個數字分成個別的數字，然後分別印出每個數
字，數字中間必須相隔 3 個空格。【提示：運用整數除法和模數
除法的組合。】例如，若輸入 45697，則程式必須印出：4 5 6
8 7 


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main (){
    int num1, num2, num3, num4, num5;
    int numin;    
    printf("輸入一個五位數的數字:");    
    scanf("%d",&numin);
    num1 = numin/10000;
    numin = numin%10000;
    num2 = numin/1000;
    numin = numin%1000;
    num3 = numin/100;
    numin = numin%100;
    num4 = numin/10;
    numin = numin%10;
    num5 = numin/1;
    printf("   %d   %d   %d   %d   %d\n",num1,num2,num3,num4,num5);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}




16.平方和立方的表格)運用跳脫字元的技術，撰寫一
個能夠計算從 0 到 10 的平方數和立方數的程式，並用定位點(tab)
將這些數字依下列格式印出
 


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define max 10
int main (){
    printf("number\tsquare\tcube \n");
    int i;
    i = -1;
    while (i++ < max)      
          printf("%d\t%d\t%d\n",i,i*i,i*i*i);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}
    



17.共乘節約計算工具)建立一個應用程式，計算你每
程式設計 I 資訊工程學系 102
日開車的費用，然後估計你可以藉由共乘省下多少錢，同時也減
少碳排放量並紓解交通壅。這個應用程式應該輸入下列資訊，並
印出使用者每天開車上班的花費。




甲、每天行駛里程 



乙、每公升汽油的價格 



丙、每公升汽油行駛里程數



 丁、每天停車費



 戊、每天的過路費













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